Friday, March 01, 2013
RPi System B MCP23017 testing notes
Now I have begun testing the MCP23017 connected to RPi System B. The following tests are OK.
# TestBuzzer() # beep system buzzer 4 times
# TestLED() # blink system LED 4 tmes
# TestButtonEchoBuzzer() # echo system buton with system buzzer 4 times
# TestButtonEchoLED() # echo system button with system LED 4 times
# TestGpioPin(oPin = TxdPin, toggleTime = 0.5, toggleCount = 4)
# TestToggleMcp23017PortAoutput(registerBaseAddress = 0x21, toggleTime = 0.5, toggleCount = 100)
# *****************************************************************************
# !/usr/bin/python2.7
#
# Hardware/Software
# FongLab Fpl4 - 2013feb
# Author
# tlfong01 <http://tlfong01.blogspot.hk/>
# Configuration
# Raspberry Pi Bv2 512MB, Raspbian Wheezy, Python 2.7.3, RPI.GPIO 0.4.1a,
# PythonWiringPi 1.0.5
# License
# GNU GPLv3
# Warranty
# For hobbist only. Use at your own risk. There is not any warranty.
# System development methodologies/Programming paradims
# Software prototyping, Test-driven (TDD), Iterative and incremental (IID),
# Agile/Functional Programming (FP), Object Oriented Programming (OOP).
# Specifications summary
# 5V0max 50mA, 3V3max 300mA, PerPinMax 17mA source 12mA sink
# References
# IO Expander
# 1. Mcirochip Application Notes AN1043 (GPIO Expander)
# Matrix keypad
# 2. Microchip Application Notes AN1081 (Matrix Keypad)
# LCD1602
# 3. ShenZhen YaJingDa Electronics YJD1602A-1 datasheet (2007-09-08)
# 4. PowerTip PC-1602F datasheet (11/10/2004)
# 5. Sitronix ST7066U Dot Matrix LCD Controller/Driver datasheet (01/03/01)
# Raspberry Pi communities
# eLinux - http://elinux.org/RPi_Community
# element14 - http://www.element14.com/community/groups/raspberry-pi
# *****************************************************************************
# 0. Contents ******************************************************************
#
# 1. Program title
# 2. Python imports
# 3. RPi GPIO pin assignment, MCP230xx register base assignment
# 4. Global constants
# 5. GPIO Functions
# 6. Debugging and documentation functions (beep, print bit/byte, message)
# 7. IO Expander Mcp23008, Mcp23017
# 8. Decimal keypad
# 9. LCD - LCD1602. LCD2004
# 10. Stepping motor - unlpolar steppers 28BYJ48/NPM-PF35/PX245
# 11. Demultiplexor
# 12. Old test functions
# 13. Main program
# 1. Program Title ************************************************************
ProgramTitle1 = "SPI447 20130301a"
ProgramTitle2 = "FPL447 20130301a"
# 2 Python imports ***********************************************************
import sys
import time
import select
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import smbus
import spidev
smBus1 = smbus.SMBus(1)
# 3. GPIO and IO Expander pin/address assignments *****************************
I2cBaseAddress0 = 0x20
I2cBaseAddress1 = 0x21
I2cBaseAddress2 = 0x22
I2cBaseAddress3 = 0x23
I2cBaseAddress4 = 0x24
I2cBaseAddress5 = 0x25
I2cBaseAddress6 = 0x26
I2cBaseAddress7 = 0x27
# System A I2C base address assignment *
Mcp23017BaseAddress1 = 0x22 # LED, button
Mcp23008BaseAddress1 = 0x24 # stepping motors
Mcp23008BaseAddress2 = 0x25 # keypad
Mcp23008BaseAddress3 = 0x26 # LCD1602
# System B I2C base address assignment *
Mcp23017BaseAddressSystemB1 = 0x20
Mcp23008BaseAddressSystemB1 = 0x21
Mcp23008BaseAddressSystemB1 = 0x21
# * GPIO pin numbering *
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD) # Use RPi GPIO numbering, Not BCM numbering
# GPIO.setwarnings(False) # Disable linux's "pin already in use warning" !!! DO NOT DISABLE !!!
# * RPi GPIO pin numbering *
# P1-02 5V, P1-04 5V, P1-06 Gnd
# P1-01 3V3, P1-03 I2C SDA1, P1-05 I2C SCL1
# P1-08 UART TxD (Mcp23017 Reset)
# P1-10 UART RxD (Mcp23017 INTB)
# P1-12 RPi GPIO_GEN1 (BCM18) LED (P1-12 > LED > 330R > Gnd)
# P1-14 Gnd
# P1-16 GPIO_GEN4 - Buzzer, 3V3 5mA (P1-16 > Buzzer > Gnd)
# P1-18 GPIO_GEN5 Button (3V3 > 10K > Contact 1/2 > 330R > Gnd)
# P1-20 Gnd
# P1-22 GPIO_GEN6 - Mcp23008 INT / Mcp23017 INTA
RPiGPIOgen1 = 12 # Brown (P1-12, BCM GPIO 18) LED
RPiGPIOgen4 = 16 # Yellow (P1-16, BCM GPIO 23) Buzzer
RPiGPIOgen5 = 18 # Green (P1-18, BCM GPIO 24) Button
RPiGPIOgen6 = 22 # Blue (P1-22, BCM GPIO 25) IOx/keypad interrupt
RPiTxD = 8 # Orange (P1-08) UART TxD
RPiRxD = 10 # Yellow (P1-10) UART RxD
# * SCI GPIO pins *
RpiGpioGen10 = 19 # SPI_MOSI
RpiGpioGen9 = 21 # SPI_MISO
RpiGpioGen11 = 23 # SPI_SCLK
RpiGpioGen8 = 24 # SPI_CE0_N
RpiGpioGen7 = 26 # SPI_CE1_N
SpiClockPin = RpiGpioGen11
SpiMosiPin = RpiGpioGen10
SpiMisoPin = RpiGpioGen9
SpiSelect0Pin = RpiGpioGen8
SpiSelect1Pin = RpiGpioGen7
# * peripherals pins assignment *
LEDpin = RPiGPIOgen1
BuzzerPin = RPiGPIOgen4
ButtonPin = RPiGPIOgen5
TxdPin = RPiTxD
RxdPin = RPiRxD
# * GPIO input/output pins list *
#OutputPinList = [LEDpin, BuzzerPin, TxdPin, SpiClockPin, SpiMosiPin, SpiSelect0Pin, SpiSelect1Pin]
#InputPinWithPullUpList = [ButtonPin, RxdPin, RPiGPIOgen6, SpiMisoPin]
OutputPinList = [LEDpin, BuzzerPin, TxdPin]
InputPinWithPullUpList = [ButtonPin, RxdPin, RPiGPIOgen6]
InputPinWithNoPullUpList = []
# 4. Global constants *********************************************************
# * Loop counters *
TwoTimes = 2
FourTimes = 4
EightTimes = 8
TenTimes = 10
TwentyTimes = 20
FiftyTimes = 50
OneHundredTimes = 100
TwoHundredTimess = 200
FourHundredTimes = 400
# * Elapse times *
TwentyMilliSeconds = 0.02
FiftyMilliSeconds = 0.05
OneHundredMilliSeconds = 0.1
TwoHundredMilliSeconds = 0.2
TenthSecond = 0.1
QuarterSecond = 0.25
HalfSecond = 0.5
OneSecond = 1
OneAndHalfSeconds = 1.5
TwoSeconds = 2
# * On/Off times *
OnTime = TenthSecond
OffTime = QuarterSecond
ButtonDebouncingTime = QuarterSecond
TestTime = FiftyMilliSeconds
OnTime = 0.1
OffTime = 0.25
# 5. GPIO Functions ***********************************************************
# * Local constants *
# * Nibble naming *
LowNibble = 0
HighNibble = 1
BothNibble = 2 # full byte of 8 bits
# * Nibble constants *
HighNibble1LowNibble0 = 0xf0
HighNibble0LowNibble1 = 0x0f
# * LED and buzzer states *
Off = False
On = True
# * Button states *
ButtonPressed = False
ButonReleased = True
# * Interrupt states *
Low = False
High = True
# * Setup, read/write GPIO pins *
setupOutputPin = lambda oPin: GPIO.setup(oPin, GPIO.OUT) # set GPIO pin as output
setupInputPinWithNoPullUp = lambda iPin: GPIO.setup(iPin, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_OFF) # set GPIO pin as input, no pull up
setupInputPinWithPullUp = lambda iPin: GPIO.setup(iPin, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_UP) # set GPIO pin as input, with pull up
writeOutputPin = lambda oPin, oValue: GPIO.output(oPin, oValue) # write value to output pin
setupWriteOutputPin = lambda oPin, oValue: (setupOutputPin(oPin), writeOutputPin(oPin, oValue)) # set and write
readInputPin = lambda iPin: GPIO.input(ButtonPin) # read value from input pin
def SetupGPIOpins(outputPinList, inputPinWithNoPullUpList, inputPinWithPullUpList): # set up GPIO pins in InputPinList and OutputPinList
for oPin in outputPinList:
setupWriteOutputPin(oPin, Off)
for iPin in inputPinWithNoPullUpList:
setupInputPinWithNoPullUp(iPin)
for iPin in inputPinWithPullUpList:
setupInputPinWithPullUp(iPin)
def SetupGPIO(): # set up GPIO pins
SetupGPIOpins(OutputPinList, InputPinWithNoPullUpList, InputPinWithPullUpList )
def CleanUpGpio(): #
GPIO.cleanup()
# * pulse/echo/toggle functions *
def pulsePin(oPin, onTime, offTime): # blink LED or beep buzzer
writeOutputPin(oPin, On)
time.sleep(onTime)
writeOutputPin(oPin, Off)
time.sleep(offTime)
def echoPin(iPin, oPin): # echo input pin to output pin, e.g. button to LED or buzzer
while True:
if readInputPin(iPin) == ButonReleased:
pass
else:
pulsePin(oPin, OnTime, OffTime)
break
continue
def togglePin(oPin, toggleTime): # toggle pin
writeOutputPin(oPin, On)
time.sleep(toggleTime)
writeOutputPin(oPin, Off)
time.sleep(toggleTime)
# * Test Buzzer, LED, Button *
def TestBuzzer(): # beep 4 times
SetupGPIO()
for i in range (FourTimes):
pulsePin(BuzzerPin, OnTime, OffTime)
def TestLED(): # blink 4 times
SetupGPIO()
for i in range (FourTimes):
pulsePin(LEDpin, OnTime, OffTime)
def TestGpioPin(oPin, toggleTime, toggleCount):
for i in range(toggleCount):
togglePin(oPin, toggleTime)
def TestButtonEchoBuzzer(): #
SetupGPIO()
print "\n", "Press button 4 times.", "\n"
for i in range (FourTimes):
echoPin(ButtonPin, BuzzerPin)
def TestButtonEchoTxD(): #
SetupGPIO()
print "\n", "Press button 4 times.", "\n"
for i in range (FourTimes):
echoPin(ButtonPin, TxdPin)
def TestButtonEchoRxD(): #
SetupGPIO()
print "\n", "Press button 4 times.", "\n"
for i in range (FourTimes):
echoPin(ButtonPin, RxdPin)
def TestRxdEchoTxD(): #
SetupGPIO()
print "\n", "RxD Echo TxD - Press button 4 times.", "\n"
for i in range (FourTimes):
echoPin(RxdPin, TxdPin)
def TestButtonEchoLED(): #
SetupGPIO()
print "\n", "Press button 4 times.", "\n"
for i in range (FourTimes):
echoPin(ButtonPin, LEDpin)
def TestTxdPin(): # blink 4 times
SetupGPIO()
for i in range (FourTimes):
pulsePin(TxdPin, OnTime, OffTime)
def TestRxdPin(): # blink 4 times
SetupGPIO()
for i in range (FourTimes):
pulsePin(RxdPin, OnTime, OffTime)
def TestTxdPinRxdPin1(): # blink, read 4 times
SetupGPIO()
for i in range (FourTimes):
writeOutputPin(TxdPin, On)
if readInputPin(RxdPin) == High:
print "RxD input = High"
else:
print "RxD input = Low"
time.sleep(1)
writeOutputPin(TxdPin, Off)
if readInputPin(RxdPin) == High:
print "RxD input = High"
else:
print "RxD input = Low"
time.sleep(1)
def TestTxdPinRxdPin2(): #
SetupGPIO()
print "\n", "Short to Ground RxdPin 4 times.", "\n"
for i in range (FourTimes):
echoPin(RxdPin, TxdPin)
# GPIO Interrupt function !!! not yet tested !!!
def TestInterruptPinFallingEdgeDetection(): # !!! Not tested !!!
GPIO.cleanup() # set all input pins no pull up, disable all interutp detection setting
SetupGPIO()
GPIO.set_low_event(InterruptPin) # set up low level detection
for i in range(30):
if GPIO.event_detected(InterruptPin):
break
else:
print "No interrupt detected.", i
time.sleep(1)
continue
GPIO.set_low_event(InterruptPin, enable = False) # disable detection
print "End of test, or interrupt detected"
# 5. Debugging and documentation functions ************************************
# * Data bit processing and printing *
def SetDataBit(dataByte, bitIndex):
setDataByte = 0x01 << bitIndex
dataByte = dataByte | setDataByte
return dataByte
def ResetDataBit(dataByte, bitIndex):
resetDataByte = ~(0x01 << bitIndex)
dataByte = dataByte & resetDataByte
return dataByte
def ConvertIntegerToFourBitPattern(integer):
FourBitPattern = [""]
for k in range(4):
FourBitPattern = [i+j for i in ['0','1'] for j in FourBitPattern]
return FourBitPattern[integer]
def ConvertIntegerToEightPattern(integer):
EightBitPattern = [""]
for k in range(8):
EightBitPattern = [i+j for i in ['0','1'] for j in EightBitPattern]
return EightBitPattern[integer]
def PrintEightBitPattern(message, dataByte):
eightBitPattern = ConvertIntegerToEightPattern(dataByte)
print message, eightBitPattern
def PrintFourBitPattern(message, dataByte):
fourBitPattern = ConvertIntegerToFourBitPattern(dataByte)
print message, fourBitPattern
def Beep(count):
for i in range(count):
pulsePin(BuzzerPin, OnTime, OffTime)
def StartBeep():
Beep(2)
time.sleep(1)
def StopBeep():
Beep(2)
def OneBeep():
Beep(1)
def FourBeeps():
Beep(4)
def StartProgram():
message = "\n" + "*** Start Program - " + ProgramTitle1 + " ***" + "\n"
CleanUpGpio()
SetupGPIO()
StartBeep()
print message
def StopProgram():
StopBeep()
print "\n" + "*** Resetting GPIO input, no pull up/down, no event detect. ***" + "\n"
CleanUpGpio()
print "\n" + "*** Stop Program ***" + "\n"
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# 7. IO Expander Mcp23008, Mcp23017 *******************************************
# * Local constants *
# * Port type *
PortA = 0
PortB = 1
# * Mcp23008/Mcp23017 register address offsets index Bank 0 *
InputOutputDirection = 0
InputPolarity = 1
InterruptEnable = 2
DefaultValue = 3
CompareMode = 4
BankInterruptPinMode = 5
PullUp = 6
InterruptFlag = 7
InterruptCapture = 8
PortStatus = 9
OutputLatch = 10
# * Data constant bytes *
AllOutputByte = 0x00
AllInputByte = 0xff
AllHighByte = 0xff
AllLowByte = 0x00
AllPullUpByte = 0xff
# * Direction setting bytes *
HalfHighHalfLow = 0xf0
HalfLowHalfHigh = 0x0f
Nibble1HighNibble2Low = 0xf0
Nibble1LowNibble2High = 0x0f
HighNibbleInputLowNibbleOutput = 0xf0
# * Mcp23008/Mcp23017 Bank0/Bank1 register address offset arrays *
Mcp23008RegisterAddressOffsetArray = [0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0a]
RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0 = [0x00, 0x02, 0x04, 0x06, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x0e, 0x10, 0x12, 0x14,
0x01, 0x03, 0x05, 0x07, 0x09, 0x0b, 0x1d, 0x0f, 0x11, 0x13, 0x15]
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# * Mcp23008 Functions *
def SetupPortAllOutputMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
WriteDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, InputOutputDirection, AllOutputByte)
def SetupPortAllInputMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
WriteDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, InputOutputDirection, AllInputByte)
def WriteDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataRegisterIndex, dataByte):
addressOffset = Mcp23008RegisterAddressOffsetArray[dataRegisterIndex]
smBus1.write_byte_data(registerBaseAddress, addressOffset, dataByte)
def ReadDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataRegisterIndex):
addressOffset = Mcp23008RegisterAddressOffsetArray[dataRegisterIndex]
dataByte = smBus1.read_byte_data(registerBaseAddress, addressOffset)
return dataByte
def WriteDataBitMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataRegisterIndex, bitNumber, dataBit):
addressOffset = Mcp23008RegisterAddressOffsetArray[dataRegisterIndex + 11]
dataByte = smBus1.read_byte_data(registerBaseAddress, addressOffset)
bitMask = 0x01 << bitNumber
if (dataBit == 1):
dataByte = dataByte | bitMask
else:
dataByte = dataByte & (~bitMask)
smBus1.write_byte_data(registerBaseAddress, addressOffset, dataByte)
def ToggleGpMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, toggleTime, toggleCount):
SetupMcp23008PortAllOutput(registerBaseAddress)
for i in range(toggleCount):
WriteDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, OutputLatch, AllHighByte)
time.sleep(toggleTime)
WriteDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, OutputLatch, AllLowByte)
time.sleep(toggleTime)
def ReadGpMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, count):
SetupMcp23008PortAllInput(registerBaseAddress)
for i in range(count):
dataByte = ReadDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, PortStatus)
PrintEightBitPattern("Data byte read = ", dataByte)
time.sleep(1)
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# * Mcp23017 Functions *
def SetupMcp23017BothPortAllOutput(registerBaseAddress):
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InputOutputDirection, PortA, AllOutputByte)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InputOutputDirection, PortB, AllOutputByte)
def SetupPortAoutputPortBinputPullUpMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InputOutputDirection, PortA, AllOutputByte)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InputOutputDirection, PortB, AllInputByte)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, PullUp, PortB, AllPullUpByte)
def WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, registerAddressArray, dataRegisterIndex, portType, dataByte):
if (portType == PortA) | (portType == PortA):
addressOffset = registerAddressArray[dataRegisterIndex]
if (portType == PortB):
addressOffset = registerAddressArray[dataRegisterIndex + 11]
smBus1.write_byte_data(registerBaseAddress, addressOffset, dataByte)
def WriteDataBit(registerBaseAddress, registerAddressArray, dataRegisterIndex, portType, bitNumber, dataBit):
if (portType == PortA) | (portType == PortA):
addressOffset = registerAddressArray[dataRegisterIndex]
if (portType == PortB):
addressOffset = registerAddressArray[dataRegisterIndex + 11]
dataByte = smBus1.read_byte_data(registerBaseAddress, addressOffset)
bitMask = 0x01 << bitNumber
if (dataBit == 1):
dataByte = dataByte | bitMask
else:
dataByte = dataByte & (~bitMask)
smBus1.write_byte_data(registerBaseAddress, addressOffset, dataByte)
def ReadDataByte(registerBaseAddress, registerAddressArray, dataRegisterIndex, portType):
if (portType == PortA):
addressOffset = registerAddressArray[dataRegisterIndex]
if (portType == PortB):
addressOffset = registerAddressArray[dataRegisterIndex + 11]
dataByte = smBus1.read_byte_data(registerBaseAddress, addressOffset)
return dataByte
def ReadDataBit(registerBaseAddress, registerAddressArray, dataRegisterIndex, portType, bitNumber):
if (portType == PortA):
addressOffset = registerAddressArray[dataRegisterIndex]
if (portType == PortB):
addressOffset = registerAddressArray[dataRegisterIndex + 11]
dataByte = smBus1.read_byte_data(registerBaseAddress, addressOffset)
bitMask = 0x01 << bitNumber
dataByte = dataByte & bitMask
if (dataByte == 0):
dataBit = 0
else:
dataBit = 1
return dataBit
def ReadUpperNibble(registerBaseAddress, registerAddressArray, dataRegisterIndex, portType):
dataByte = ReadDataByte(registerBaseAddress, registerAddressArray, dataRegisterIndex, portType)
upperNibble = dataByte >> 4
return upperNibble
def ReadLowerNibble(registerBaseAddress, registerAddressArray, dataRegisterIndex, portType):
dataByte = ReadDataByte(registerBaseAddress, registerAddressArray, dataRegisterIndex, portType)
lowerNibble = dataByte & 0x0f
return lowerNibble
# * Config interrupts *
def EnableInterruptOnChangeHighNibble(registerBaseAddress):
EnableInterruptHighNibble = 0xf0
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InterruptEnable, PortA, EnableInterruptHighNibble)
def DisableInterruptOnChangeHighNibble(registerBaseAddress):
DisableInterruptHighNibble = 0x00
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InterruptEnable, PortA, DisableInterruptHighNibble)
def SetInterruptOnChangeDefaultHighNibble(registerBaseAddress):
DefaultValueByte = 0xf0
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InterruptOnChangeDefaultValue, PortA, DefaultValueByte)
def SetInterruptOnChangeCompareDefaultHighNibble(registerBaseAddress):
InterruptOnChangeDefaultValueHighNibble = 0xf0 # GP4~7 change from default value will cause interrupt
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, CompareMode, PortA, InterruptOnChangeDefaultValueHighNibble)
def SetInterruptOutputPushPull(registerBaseAddress): # interrupt pin open drain, no auto add inc, no slew rate
PushPull = 0b00111010 # 0x32, seq/slew disabled, interrupt output drive drive (push pull) active High
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, PushPullOpenDrain, PortA, PushPull)
def SetInterruptOutputOpenDrain(registerBaseAddress): # interrupt pin open drain, no auto add inc, no slew rate
OpenDrain = 0b00111000 # 0x34, seq/slew disabled, interrupt output open drain (don't care active High or Low)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, PushPullOpenDrain, PortA, OpenDrain)
# * Poll interrupts *
def ReadInterruptFlagHighNibble(registerBaseAddress):
interruptFlagByte = ReadDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InterruptFlag, PortA)
interruptFlagNbble = interruptFlagByte >> 4
return interruptFlagNibble
def ReadInterruptCaptureHighNibble(registerBaseAddress):
interruptCaptureByte = ReadDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InterruptCapture, PortA)
interruptCaptureNibble = interruptCaptureByte >> 4
return interruptCaptureNibble
def ReadInterruptCaptureLowNibble(registerBaseAddress):
interruptCaptureByte = ReadDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InterruptCapture, PortB)
interruptCaptureNibble = interruptCaptureByte & 0x0f
return interruptCaptureNibble
def DetectOneInterrupt(registerBaseAddress): # !!! NOT tested !!!
interruptFlagNibble = ReadInterruptFlagHighNibble(registerBaseAddress)
interruptCaptureNibble = ReadInterruptCaptureHighNibble(registerBaseAddress)
print "Interrupt capture high nibble = ", ConvertIntegerToFourBitPattern(interruptCaptureNibble)
print "Interrupt capture high nibble = ", ConvertIntegerToFourBitPattern(interruptCaptureNibble)
ClearInterruptOnChangeHighNibble(registerBaseAddress) # !!! clear interrupt !!!
time.sleep(2)
# * Test port toggling, poll interrupts *
def ToggleMcp23017GP(registerBaseAddress, toggleTime, toggleCount):
SetupMcp23017BothPortAllOutput(registerBaseAddress)
for i in range(toggleCount):
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, AllHighByte)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortB, AllHighByte)
time.sleep(toggleTime)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, AllLowByte)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortB, AllLowByte)
time.sleep(toggleTime)
def ToggleMcp23017B1(registerBaseAddress, toggleTime, toggleCount):
SetupMcp23017BothPortAllOutput(registerBaseAddress)
for i in range(toggleCount):
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, AllHighByte)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortB, AllHighByte)
time.sleep(toggleTime)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, AllLowByte)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortB, AllLowByte)
time.sleep(toggleTime)
def TestToggleMcp23017GP():
ToggleMcp23008GP(Mcp23017BaseAddress1, ToggleTime, ToggleCount)
def TestDetectInterrupt(count): # !!! NOT Tested !!!
RegisterBaseAddress = Mcp23008BaseAddress2
SetupKeypadInterruptHighNibbleCompareDefaultValueOpenDrainOutput(RegisterBaseAddress)
for i in range(count):
DetectOneInterrupt(RegisterBaseAddress)
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# * System B test functions *
def TestToggleMcp23017SystemB1(count):
ToggleTime = 0.5
ToggleCount = 4
registerBaseAddress = Mcp23017BaseAddressSystemB1
SetupPortAoutputPortBinputPullUpMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
for i in range(count):
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, AllHighByte)
time.sleep(ToggleTime)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, AllLowByte)
time.sleep(ToggleTime)
def TestToggleMcp23017PortAoutput(registerBaseAddress, toggleTime, toggleCount):
SetupPortAoutputPortBinputPullUpMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
for i in range(toggleCount):
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, AllHighByte)
time.sleep(toggleTime)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, AllLowByte)
time.sleep(toggleTime)
def TestReadMcp23017SystemB1(count):
registerBaseAddress = Mcp23017BaseAddressSystemB1
SetupPortAoutputPortBinputPullUpMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
for i in range(count):
dataByte = ReadDataByte(Mcp23017BaseAddressSystemB1, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, PortStatus, PortB)
PrintEightBitPattern("Data byte read = ", dataByte)
time.sleep(1)
def TestBlinkMcp23017SystemB1GPIObit(bitNumber, onTime, offTime, count) :
registerBaseAddress = Mcp23017BaseAddressSystemB1
SetupPortAoutputPortBinputPullUpMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
for i in range(count):
WriteDataBit(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, bitNumber, High)
time.sleep(onTime)
WriteDataBit(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, bitNumber, Low)
time.sleep(offTime)
def TestReadMcp23017SystemB1GPIObit(bitNumber, count):
registerBaseAddress = Mcp23017BaseAddressSystemB1
SetupPortAoutputPortBinputPullUpMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
for i in range(count):
dataBit = ReadDataBit(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, PortStatus, PortB, bitNumber)
if (dataBit == High):
print "Data bit is High"
else:
print "Data bit is Low"
time.sleep(1)
#******************************************************************************
#******************************************************************************
#******************************************************************************
#******************************************************************************
#******************************************************************************
# 8. Decimal keypad ***********************************************************
# * Decimal keypad using Mcp23017 v4.17 2013feb15 *
# * Configuration *
# Mcp23017 GPIO direction - Port A = output, Port B = input
# Keypad pin assignment - GPA0~A2 = Col0~2, GPB0~B3 = Row0~3
KeypadInterruptPinMcp23017 = RPiGPIOgen6
# * Local constants *
RegisterBaseAddress = 0x20
OutputLatchRegisterResetValue = 0x00
PortStatusRegisterResetValue = 0x00
InterruptCaptureRegisterResetValue = 0x00
InterruptFlagRegisterResetValue = 0x00
# * Polling modes *
NoPollJustGetKeyEverySecond = 0
PollRowStatusNibble = 1
PollMcp23017Interrupt = 2
# * Setup keypad *
def SetupKeypadMcp017(registerBaseAddress):
SetupPortAoutputPortBinputPullUpMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
SetupKeypadInterruptMcp23017(registerBaseAddress) # buggy !!!!!!!!!!
ClearKeypadInterruptMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
WriteKeypadColumnsAllLowMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
# * Setup/Clear/Check keypad interrupt *
def SetupKeypadInterruptMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
SetKeypadInterruptEnableMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
SetKeypadDefaultValueMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
SetKeypadEnableCompareDefaultValueMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
SetKeypadBankInterruptDriverModeMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
def SetKeypadInterruptEnableMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
EnableInterruptLowNibble = 0x0f
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InterruptEnable, PortB, EnableInterruptLowNibble)
def SetKeypadInterruptDisableMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
DisableInterruptByte = 0x00
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InterruptEnable, PortB, DisableInterruptByte)
def SetKeypadDefaultValueMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
DefaultValueByte = 0x0f # row status nibble is all bits high if no key pressed
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, DefaultValue, PortB, DefaultValueByte)
def SetKeypadEnableCompareDefaultValueMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
InterruptOnChangeDefaultValueLowNibble = 0x0f # GPB0~3 change from default value will cause interrupt
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, CompareMode, PortB, InterruptOnChangeDefaultValueLowNibble)
def SetKeypadBankInterruptDriverModeMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
# bit 7 = 0 (Bank = 0, reg with each port are in the same bank (addresses are sequential))
# bit 6 = 0 (No mirror, INTA and INTB independent)
# bit 5 = 1 (Sequential operation disabled)
# bit 4 = 1 (Slew rate disabled)
# bit 3 = 0 (Disable MCP23S17 address pins, Don't care for Mcp23017)
# bit 2 = 0 (Interrupt driver push pull, no open drain)
# bit 1 = 1 (Interrrupt active high)
# bit 0 = 0 (Unimplemented, read as 0)
# 0b00110010 = 0x32
Bank0DriverPushPullHighActive = 0x32
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, BankInterruptPinMode, PortB, Bank0DriverPushPullHighActive)
def ClearKeypadInterruptMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
WriteKeypadColumnsAllLowMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
time.sleep(0.5)
dummyRead = ReadInterruptCaptureLowNibble(registerBaseAddress)
# * Write columns *
def WriteKeypadColumnsMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, columnDataByte):
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, columnDataByte)
def WriteKeypadColumnsAllLowMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
WriteKeypadColumnsMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, AllLowByte)
# * Read rows *
def GetKeypadRowDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
rowDataByte = ReadDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, PortStatus, PortB)
rowDataNibble = rowDataByte & 0x0f
return rowDataNibble
# * Get Row Number, Column Number, and Key Number *
def GetKeypadRowNumberMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
RowDataNibbleTuple = 0b1110, 0b1101, 0b1011, 0b0111, 0b1111, 0b0000
rowDataNibble = GetKeypadRowDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
# *** Begin debugging *****************************************************
PrintFourBitPattern("Row pattern = ", rowDataNibble)
rowNumber = RowDataNibbleTuple.index(rowDataNibble)
print ("Row number = ", rowNumber)
# *** End debugging *******************************************************
rowNumber = RowDataNibbleTuple.index(rowDataNibble)
return rowNumber
def GetKeypadColumnNumberMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
ColumnNibbleTuple = 0b1110, 0b1101, 0b1011
NoKeyPressNibble = 0b1111
for columnNibble in (ColumnNibbleTuple):
WriteKeypadColumnsMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, columnNibble)
rowDataNibble = GetKeypadRowDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
if rowDataNibble != NoKeyPressNibble:
break
columnNumber = ColumnNibbleTuple.index(columnNibble)
return columnNumber
def GetKeypadKeyNumberMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
rowNumber = GetKeypadRowNumberMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
columnNumber = GetKeypadColumnNumberMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
keyNumber = (rowNumber * 3) + (columnNumber + 1)
return keyNumber
# * Get keys *
def GetKeypadKeyMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, checkPressingKeyMode):
if (checkPressingKeyMode == NoPollJustGetKeyEverySecond):
print "Read key every second"
time.sleep(1)
LoopUntilOneSecondEnded()
elif (checkPressingKeyMode == PollRowStatusNibble):
print "Polling Gpio"
LoopUntilKeypadRowDataNibbleChangeMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
elif (checkPressingKeyMode == PollMcp23017Interrupt):
print "Polling Mcp23017 interrupt INTB"
LoopUntilKeypadInterruptPinMcp23017Active(registerBaseAddress)
keyNumber = GetKeypadKeyNumberMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
return keyNumber
def GetKeypadKeySequenceMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, checkPressingKeyMode, count):
for i in range (count):
OneBeep()
keyNumber = GetKeypadKeyMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, checkPressingKeyMode)
print "Key", i + 1, " = ", keyNumber
time.sleep(0.25)
# * No polling, just read key at the end of each second *
def LoopUntilOneSecondEnded():
time.sleep(1)
# * Poll row status *
def LoopUntilKeypadRowDataNibbleChangeMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
WriteKeypadColumnsMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, AllLowByte)
NoKeyPressedNibble = 0xf
rowDataNibble = NoKeyPressedNibble
while (rowDataNibble == NoKeyPressedNibble):
rowDataNibble = GetKeypadRowDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
time.sleep(0.05) # debouncing time 50mS
# * Poll Mcp23017 interrupt pin *
def LoopUntilKeypadInterruptPinMcp23017Active(registerBaseAddress):
# Mcp23017 INTB shifted up to 5V) logical level, then connected to Mcp23017 GPB5
KeypadInterruptPinNumber = 5
ClearKeypadInterruptMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
interruptDataBit = High # !!! ULN2803 inverts Mcp23017 INTB, so interrupt is now Low active !!!
while (interruptDataBit == High):
interruptDataBit = ReadDataBit(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, PortStatus, PortB, KeypadInterruptPinNumber)
time.sleep(0.1) # debouncing time
# * Test Mcp23017 Decimal keypad *
def TestKeypadMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, checkPressingKeyMode, keyCount):
SetupKeypadMcp017(registerBaseAddress)
GetKeypadKeySequenceMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, checkPressingKeyMode, keyCount)
SetupKeypadMcp017(registerBaseAddress)
#******************************************************************************
#******************************************************************************
#******************************************************************************
#******************************************************************************
#******************************************************************************
# * Decimal keypad using 2x Mcp23008 v4.19 2013feb17 *
RegisterBaseAddress1 = 0x21
RegisterBaseAddress1 = 0x22
# Mcp23008 #1 0x21 port = output, GP0~2 = Rows 0~2
# Mcp23008 #2 0x22 port = input, GP0~3 = Columns 0~3
KeypadInterruptPinMcp23008 = RPiGPIOgen6
# * Local constants *
OutputLatchRegisterResetValue = 0x00
PortStatusRegisterResetValue = 0x00
InterruptCaptureRegisterResetValue = 0x00
InterruptFlagRegisterResetValue = 0x00
# * Polling modes *
NoPollJustGetKeyEverySecond = 0
PollRowStatusNibble = 1
PollMcp23017Interrupt = 2
# * Setup keypad *
def SetupKeypadMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, registerBaseAddress2):
SetupPortAllOutputMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1)
SetupPortAllInputMcp23008(registerBaseAddress2)
#SetupKeypadInterruptMcp23008(registerBaseAddress)
#ClearKeypadInterruptMcp23008(registerBaseAddress)
WriteKeypadColumnsAllLowMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1)
# * Setup/Clear/Check keypad interrupt *
#def SetupKeypadInterruptMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
# SetKeypadInterruptEnableMcp23008(registerBaseAddress)
# SetKeypadDefaultValueMcp23008(registerBaseAddress)
# SetKeypadEnableCompareDefaultValueMcp23008(registerBaseAddress)
# SetKeypadBankInterruptDriverModeMcp23008(registerBaseAddress)
#def SetKeypadInterruptEnableMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
# EnableInterruptLowNibble = 0x0f
# WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InterruptEnable, PortB, EnableInterruptLowNibble)
#def SetKeypadInterruptDisableMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
# DisableInterruptByte = 0x00
# WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InterruptEnable, PortB, DisableInterruptByte)
#def SetKeypadDefaultValueMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
# DefaultValueByte = 0x0f # row status nibble is all bits high if no key pressed
# WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, DefaultValue, PortB, DefaultValueByte)
#def SetKeypadEnableCompareDefaultValueMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
# InterruptOnChangeDefaultValueLowNibble = 0x0f # GPB0~3 change from default value will cause interrupt
# WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, CompareMode, PortB, InterruptOnChangeDefaultValueLowNibble)
#def SetKeypadBankInterruptDriverModeMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
# bit 7 = 0 (Bank = 0, reg with each port are in the same bank (addresses are sequential))
# bit 6 = 0 (No mirror, INTA and INTB independent)
# bit 5 = 1 (Sequential operation disabled)
# bit 4 = 1 (Slew rate disabled)
# bit 3 = 0 (Disable MCP23S17 address pins, Don't care for Mcp23017)
# bit 2 = 0 (Interrupt driver push pull, no open drain)
# bit 1 = 1 (Interrrupt active high)
# bit 0 = 0 (Unimplemented, read as 0)
# 0b00110010 = 0x32
# Bank0DriverPushPullHighActive = 0x32
# WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, BankInterruptPinMode, PortB, Bank0DriverPushPullHighActive)
#def ClearKeypadInterruptMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
# WriteKeypadColumnsAllLowMcp23008(registerBaseAddress)
# time.sleep(0.5)
# dummyRead = ReadInterruptCaptureLowNibble(registerBaseAddress)
# * Write columns *
def WriteKeypadColumnsMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, columnDataByte):
WriteDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, OutputLatch, columnDataByte)
def WriteKeypadColumnsAllLowMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
WriteKeypadColumnsMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, AllLowByte)
# * Read rows *
def GetKeypadRowDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
rowDataByte = ReadDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, PortStatus)
rowDataNibble = rowDataByte & 0x0f
return rowDataNibble
# * Get Row Number, Column Number, and Key Number *
def GetKeypadRowNumberMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
RowDataNibbleTuple = 0b1110, 0b1101, 0b1011, 0b0111, 0b1111, 0b0000
rowDataNibble = GetKeypadRowDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress)
# *** Begin debugging *****************************************************
PrintFourBitPattern("Row pattern = ", rowDataNibble)
rowNumber = RowDataNibbleTuple.index(rowDataNibble)
print ("Row number = ", rowNumber)
# *** End debugging *******************************************************
rowNumber = RowDataNibbleTuple.index(rowDataNibble)
return rowNumber
def GetKeypadColumnNumberMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, registerBaseAddress2):
ColumnNibbleTuple = 0b1110, 0b1101, 0b1011
NoKeyPressNibble = 0b1111
for columnNibble in (ColumnNibbleTuple):
WriteKeypadColumnsMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, columnNibble)
rowDataNibble = GetKeypadRowDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress2)
if rowDataNibble != NoKeyPressNibble:
break
columnNumber = ColumnNibbleTuple.index(columnNibble)
return columnNumber
def GetKeypadKeyNumberMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, registerBaseAddress2):
rowNumber = GetKeypadRowNumberMcp23008(registerBaseAddress2)
columnNumber = GetKeypadColumnNumberMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, registerBaseAddress2)
keyNumber = (rowNumber * 3) + (columnNumber + 1)
return keyNumber
# * Get keys *
def GetKeypadKeyMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, registerBaseAddress2, checkPressingKeyMode):
if (checkPressingKeyMode == NoPollJustGetKeyEverySecond):
print "Read key every second"
time.sleep(1)
LoopUntilOneSecondEnded()
elif (checkPressingKeyMode == PollRowStatusNibble):
print "Polling Gpio"
LoopUntilKeypadRowDataNibbleChangeMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, registerBaseAddress2)
elif (checkPressingKeyMode == PollMcp23017Interrupt):
print "Polling Mcp23017 interrupt INTB"
LoopUntilKeypadInterruptPinMcp23008Active(registerBaseAddress2)
keyNumber = GetKeypadKeyNumberMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, registerBaseAddress2)
return keyNumber
def GetKeypadKeySequenceMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, registerBaseAddress2, checkPressingKeyMode, count):
for i in range (count):
OneBeep()
keyNumber = GetKeypadKeyMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, registerBaseAddress2, checkPressingKeyMode)
print "Key", i + 1, " = ", keyNumber
time.sleep(0.25)
# * No polling, just read key at the end of each second *
def LoopUntilOneSecondEnded():
time.sleep(1)
# * Poll row status *
def LoopUntilKeypadRowDataNibbleChangeMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, registerBaseAddress2):
WriteKeypadColumnsMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, AllLowByte)
NoKeyPressedNibble = 0xf
rowDataNibble = NoKeyPressedNibble
while (rowDataNibble == NoKeyPressedNibble):
rowDataNibble = GetKeypadRowDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress2)
time.sleep(0.05) # debouncing time 50mS
# * Poll interrupt pin *
def LoopUntilKeypadInterruptPinMcp23008Active(registerBaseAddress):
# Mcp23017 INTB shifted up to 5V) logical level, then connected to Mcp23017 GPB5
KeypadInterruptPinNumber = 5
ClearKeypadInterrupt(registerBaseAddress)
interruptDataBit = High # !!! ULN2803 inverts Mcp23017 INTB, so interrupt is now Low active !!!
while (interruptDataBit == High):
interruptDataBit = ReadDataBit(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, PortStatus, PortB, KeypadInterruptPinNumber)
time.sleep(0.1) # debouncing time
# * Test Decimal keypad Mcp23008 *
def TestKeypadMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, registerBaseAddress2, checkPressingKeyMode, keyCount):
SetupKeypadMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, registerBaseAddress2)
GetKeypadKeySequenceMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, registerBaseAddress2, checkPressingKeyMode, keyCount)
SetupKeypadMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1, registerBaseAddress2)
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# * LCD1602 *******************************************************************
LcdRegisterBaseAddress = Mcp23008BaseAddress3 # 0x26
# * LCD1602A-1 16-pin connector (Mcp23008 GPIO 6-pin connector) Pin numbering *
# Pin 04 (Pin 1) RegisterSelect
# Pin 06 (Pin 2) WriteEnable
# Pin 11 (Pin 3) DataBit4 = 2
# Pin 12 (Pin 4) DataBit5 = 3
# Pin 13 (Pin 5) DataBit6 = 4
# Pin 14 (Pin 6) DataBit7 = 5
# LCD1602 software initialization procedure
# Part 1 - Pseudo 8 bit instructions to config 4 bit instruction mode (0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x20)
# 1. Power on, wait 20mS (> 15mS)
# 2. Write 0x3, wait 5mS (> 4.1mS) # set 8 bit interface
# 3. Write 0x3, wait 1mS (> 100uS) # set 8 bit interface
# 4. Write 0x3, wait 1mS (> 37uS) # set 8 bit interface
# 5. Write 0x2, wait 1mS (> 37uS) # set 4 bit interface
# Part 2- 4 bit instructions to config display characteristics (0x28, 0x08, 0x01, 0x06, 0x02)
# 6. Write 0x2, wait 1mS (> 37uS) 0x8 wait 1mS (> 37uS) (2 lines, 5x8 dot)
# 7. Write 0x0, wait 1mS (> 37uS) 0x8 wait 1mS (> 37uS) (cursor on, no blinking, blank screen)
# 8. Write 0x0, wait 1mS (> 37uS) 0x1 wait 2mS (> 1.52mS)(clear display)
# 9. Write 0x0, wait 1mS (> 37uS) 0xe (DisplayOnCursorOnCursorBlinkOff)
# a. Write 0x0, wait 1mS (> 37uS) 0x2 wait 2mS (cursor home)
# * LCD1602A-1 16-pin connector pin numbering *
RegisterSelect = 0 # 0 = instruction register, 1 = data register
WriteEnable = 1 # 1 = enable, 0 = disable
DataBit4 = 2
DataBit5 = 3
DataBit6 = 4
DataBit7 = 5
# * Constant data bytes *
AllZeroDataByte = 0x00
AllOneDataByte = 0xff
# * Write Enable/Disable, Select Data/Instruction masks *
EnableWriteMask = 0x02 # 0b 0000 0010
DisableWriteMask = 0xfd # 0b 1111 1101
SelectDataRegisterMask = 0x01 # 0b 0000 0001
SelectInstructionRegisterMask = 0xfe # 0b 1111 1110
# Register selection constant *
InstructionRegister = 0
DataRegister = 1
# * LCD1602A-1 control instructions *
# * Instruction codes *
EightBitInstructionMode = 0x3
FourBitInstructionMode = 0x2
TwoLineFiveTimesEightDot1 = 0x2
TwoLineFiveTimesEightDot2 = 0x8
DisplayOnCursorOnCursorBlinkOff1 = 0x0
DisplayOnCursorOnCursorBlinkOff2 = 0xe
ClearDisplay1 = 0x0
ClearDisplay2 = 0x1
CursorIncrementDisplayNoShift1 = 0x0
CursorIncrementDisplayNoShift2 = 0x6
CursorHome1 = 0x0
CursorHome2 = 0x2
# * Instruction timing *
PowerOnResetDelay = 0.05 # 50mS
VeryLongOperationDelay = 0.005 # 5mS
LongOperationDelay = 0.002 # 2mS
ShortOperationDelay = 0.00005 # 50uS
WritePulseLength = 0.00005 # 50uS
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# * LCD functions Mcp23008 v4.15 2013feb15 *
def LcdGpioSetupMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
SetupPortAllOutputMcp23008(registerBaseAddress)
def LcdConfigurationMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
dataControlByte = AllZeroDataByte
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte01 = ", dataControlByte)
LcdDisableWriteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte)
time.sleep(PowerOnResetDelay)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, EightBitInstructionMode, InstructionRegister, VeryLongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte02 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, EightBitInstructionMode, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte03 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, EightBitInstructionMode, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte04 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, FourBitInstructionMode, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte05 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, TwoLineFiveTimesEightDot1, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte06 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, TwoLineFiveTimesEightDot2, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte07 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, DisplayOnCursorOnCursorBlinkOff1, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte08 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, DisplayOnCursorOnCursorBlinkOff2, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte09 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, ClearDisplay1, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte10 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, ClearDisplay2, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte11 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, CursorIncrementDisplayNoShift1, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte12 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, CursorIncrementDisplayNoShift2, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte13 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, CursorHome1, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte14 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, CursorHome2, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte15 = ", dataControlByte)
return dataControlByte
def LcdSelectDataRegisterMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte):
dataByte = dataByte | SelectDataRegisterMask
LcdWriteDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
return dataByte
def LcdSelectInstructionRegisterMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte):
dataByte = dataByte & SelectInstructionRegisterMask
LcdWriteDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
return dataByte
def LcdEnableWriteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte):
dataByte = dataByte | EnableWriteMask
LcdWriteDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
return dataByte
def LcdDisableWriteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte):
dataByte = dataByte & DisableWriteMask
LcdWriteDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
return dataByte
def LcdWritePulseMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte):
LcdEnableWriteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
time.sleep(WritePulseLength)
LcdDisableWriteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
return dataByte
def LcdWriteDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte):
WriteDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, OutputLatch, dataByte)
return dataByte
def LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte, dataNibble, registerType, operationDelay):
dataNibble = dataNibble << 2
dataByte = dataByte & 0b11000011
dataByte = dataByte | dataNibble
if (registerType == InstructionRegister):
dataByte = LcdSelectInstructionRegisterMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
elif (registerType == DataRegister):
dataByte = LcdSelectDataRegisterMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
LcdDisableWriteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
dataByte = LcdWriteDataByteMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
LcdWritePulseMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
time.sleep(operationDelay)
return dataByte
def LcdWriteCharFourBitModeMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, asciiChar, registerType):
charUpperNibble = ord(asciiChar) >> 4
charLowerNibble = ord(asciiChar) & 0x0f
LcdWriteCharTwoNibblesMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, charUpperNibble, charLowerNibble, registerType)
return dataControlByte
def LcdWriteDataByteFourBitModeMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, dataByte, registerType):
upperNibble = dataByte >> 4
lowerNibble = dataByte & 0x0f
LcdWriteCharTwoNibblesMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, upperNibble, lowerNibble, registerType)
return dataControlByte
def LcdWriteCharTwoNibblesMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, upperNibble, lowerNibble, registerType):
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, upperNibble, registerType, ShortOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte01 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, lowerNibble, registerType, ShortOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte02 = ", dataControlByte)
return dataControlByte
def LcdWriteCharStringMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, string):
for asciiChar in (string):
LcdWriteCharFourBitModeMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, asciiChar, DataRegister)
return dataControlByte
def LcdMoveCursorMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, rowNumber, columnNumber):
if (rowNumber == 1):
cursorByte = 0x80 | (0x00 + (columnNumber - 1)) # command = 0x80, row 1 DDRAM start address = 0x10
elif (rowNumber == 2):
cursorByte = 0x80 | (0x40 + (columnNumber - 1)) # row 2 DDRAM start address = 0x40
LcdWriteDataByteFourBitModeMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, cursorByte, InstructionRegister)
# charUpperNibble = cursorByte >> 4
# charLowerNibble = cursorByte & 0x0f
# dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibble(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, charUpperNibble, InstructionRegister, ShortOperationDelay)
# dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibble(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, charLowerNibble, InstructionRegister, ShortOperationDelay)
return dataControlByte
# * Test LCD1602 Mcp23008 *
def TestLcdMcp23008(registerBaseAddress):
LcdGpioSetupMcp23008(registerBaseAddress)
dataControlByte = LcdConfigurationMcp23008(registerBaseAddress)
dataControlByte = LcdMoveCursorMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, 1, 1)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteCharStringMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, ProgramTitle1)
dataControlByte = LcdMoveCursorMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, 2, 1)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteCharStringMcp23008(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, ProgramTitle2)
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# * LCD functions Mcp23017 v4.15 2013feb15 *
def LcdGpioSetupMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
registerBaseAddress = Mcp23017BaseAddressSystemB1
SetupPortAoutputPortBinputPullUpMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
def LcdConfigurationMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
dataControlByte = AllZeroDataByte
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte01 = ", dataControlByte)
LcdDisableWriteMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte)
time.sleep(PowerOnResetDelay)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, EightBitInstructionMode, InstructionRegister, VeryLongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte02 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, EightBitInstructionMode, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte03 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, EightBitInstructionMode, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte04 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, FourBitInstructionMode, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte05 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, TwoLineFiveTimesEightDot1, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte06 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, TwoLineFiveTimesEightDot2, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte07 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, DisplayOnCursorOnCursorBlinkOff1, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte08 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, DisplayOnCursorOnCursorBlinkOff2, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte09 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, ClearDisplay1, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte10 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, ClearDisplay2, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte11 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, CursorIncrementDisplayNoShift1, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte12 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, CursorIncrementDisplayNoShift2, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte13 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, CursorHome1, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte14 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, CursorHome2, InstructionRegister, LongOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte15 = ", dataControlByte)
return dataControlByte
def LcdSelectDataRegisterMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte):
dataByte = dataByte | SelectDataRegisterMask
LcdWriteDataByteMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
return dataByte
def LcdSelectInstructionRegisterMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte):
dataByte = dataByte & SelectInstructionRegisterMask
LcdWriteDataByteMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
return dataByte
def LcdEnableWriteMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte):
dataByte = dataByte | EnableWriteMask
LcdWriteDataByteMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
return dataByte
def LcdDisableWriteMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte):
dataByte = dataByte & DisableWriteMask
LcdWriteDataByteMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
return dataByte
def LcdWritePulseMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte):
LcdEnableWriteMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
time.sleep(WritePulseLength)
LcdDisableWriteMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
return dataByte
def LcdWriteDataByteMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte):
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, dataByte)
return dataByte
def LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte, dataNibble, registerType, operationDelay):
dataNibble = dataNibble << 2
dataByte = dataByte & 0b11000011
dataByte = dataByte | dataNibble
if (registerType == InstructionRegister):
dataByte = LcdSelectInstructionRegisterMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
elif (registerType == DataRegister):
dataByte = LcdSelectDataRegisterMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
LcdDisableWriteMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
dataByte = LcdWriteDataByteMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
LcdWritePulseMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataByte)
time.sleep(operationDelay)
return dataByte
def LcdWriteCharFourBitModeMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, asciiChar, registerType):
charUpperNibble = ord(asciiChar) >> 4
charLowerNibble = ord(asciiChar) & 0x0f
LcdWriteCharTwoNibblesMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, charUpperNibble, charLowerNibble, registerType)
return dataControlByte
def LcdWriteDataByteFourBitModeMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, dataByte, registerType):
upperNibble = dataByte >> 4
lowerNibble = dataByte & 0x0f
LcdWriteCharTwoNibblesMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, upperNibble, lowerNibble, registerType)
return dataControlByte
def LcdWriteCharTwoNibblesMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, upperNibble, lowerNibble, registerType):
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, upperNibble, registerType, ShortOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte01 = ", dataControlByte)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, lowerNibble, registerType, ShortOperationDelay)
# PrintEightBitPattern("dataControlByte02 = ", dataControlByte)
return dataControlByte
def LcdWriteCharStringMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, string):
for asciiChar in (string):
LcdWriteCharFourBitModeMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, asciiChar, DataRegister)
return dataControlByte
def LcdMoveCursorMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, rowNumber, columnNumber):
if (rowNumber == 1):
cursorByte = 0x80 | (0x00 + (columnNumber - 1)) # command = 0x80, row 1 DDRAM start address = 0x10
elif (rowNumber == 2):
cursorByte = 0x80 | (0x40 + (columnNumber - 1)) # row 2 DDRAM start address = 0x40
LcdWriteDataByteFourBitModeMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, cursorByte, InstructionRegister)
# charUpperNibble = cursorByte >> 4
# charLowerNibble = cursorByte & 0x0f
# dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, charUpperNibble, InstructionRegister, ShortOperationDelay)
# dataControlByte = LcdWriteDataNibbleMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, charLowerNibble, InstructionRegister, ShortOperationDelay)
return dataControlByte
# * Test LCD1602 functions *
def TestLcdMcp23017(registerBaseAddress):
LcdGpioSetupMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
dataControlByte = LcdConfigurationMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
dataControlByte = LcdMoveCursorMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, 1, 1)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteCharStringMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, ProgramTitle1)
dataControlByte = LcdMoveCursorMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, 2, 1)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteCharStringMcp23017(registerBaseAddress, dataControlByte, ProgramTitle2)
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# 8. Unipolar Stepping Motor 28BYJ48/NPM-PF35/PX245 ***************************
# Unipolar Stepping Motor Switching Sequence
# 1. Wave sequence = 1 - 3 - 2 - 4 (A-, B-, A+, B+)
# 2. Full step sequence = 13 - 14 - 24 - 23 (A-B-, A-B+, A+B+, A+B-)
# 3. Half step sequence = 13 - 1 - 14 - 4 - 24 - 2 - 23 - 3
# 4. One step swing = 1 - 3 - 1 - 3 (A-, B-, A-, B-)
# Winding A-(1) A+(2) B-(3) B+(4) COM
# NPM PF35 Black Yellow Brown Orange Red
# 28BYJ48 Pink Orange Blue Yellow Red
# PX245 Black Green Blue Red Yelow/White
# * Convert decimal pin number to hex *
def convert1PinToHex(p): # convert 1 of 8 high pin to hex
hexString = 0x01
for count in range(p-1):
hexString = hexString << 1
return hexString
def convert2PinToHex(p1, p2): # convert 2 of 8 high pins to hex
return (convert1PinToHex(p1) | convert1PinToHex(p2))
def convert2PinToHighNibble(p1, p2): # convert 2 of 8 high pins to high nibble
lowNibble = convert1PinToHex(p1) | convert1PinToHex(p2)
highNibble = lowNibble << 4
return highNibble
# * Move unipolar stepping motor *
def WriteMotorWindingWaveSequence1324(RegisterBaseAddress, NibbleType, StepCount, StepTime): # move motor using 13-24 sequence
# Set port all output
WriteDataByte(Mcp23008BaseAddress1, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InputOutputDirection, PortA, AllOutputByte)
if NibbleType == LowNibble:
hexString1 = convert2PinToHex(1, 3)
hexString2 = convert2PinToHex(2, 4)
else:
hexString1 = convert2PinToHighNibble(1, 3)
hexString2 = convert2PinToHighNibble(2, 4)
for i in range(StepCount):
WriteDataByte(Mcp23008BaseAddress1, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, hexString1)
time.sleep(StepTime)
WriteDataByte(Mcp23008BaseAddress1, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, hexString2)
time.sleep(StepTime)
def WriteMotorWindingFullStepSequence13232414(RegisterBaseAddress, NibbleType, StepCount, StepTime): #move motor using 13-23-24-14 sequence
# Set port all output
WriteDataByte(Mcp23008BaseAddress1, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InputOutputDirection, PortA, AllOutputByte)
if NibbleType == LowNibble:
motorWindingActivationPatternArray = (0x05, 0x06, 0x0a, 0x09)
else:
motorWindingActivationPatternArray = (0x50, 0x60, 0xa0, 0x90)
for i in range(StepCount):
for pattern in motorWindingActivationPatternArray:
WriteDataByte(Mcp23008BaseAddress1, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, pattern)
time.sleep(StepTime)
def TestConvert1PinToHex(): # test convert 1 high pin to hex
print "*** Testing 1 pin number decimal 0 ~ 7 converted to hexdecimal 0x01 ~ 0x80"
for d in range(8):
print hex(convert1PinToHex(d))
def TestConvert2PinToHex(p1, p2): # test convert 2 high pins to hex
print "*** Testing 2 pin numbers decimal 0 ~ 7 converted to hexdecimal"
print "Pin 1 = ", p1, "Pin 2 = ", p2
print "Hex = ", hex(convert2PinToHex(p1, p2))
def TestConvert2PinToHighNibble(p1, p2): # test convert 2 of 8 high pins to high nibble
print "*** Testing 2 pin numbers decimal 0 ~ 7 converted to high nibble"
print "Pin 1 = ", p1, "Pin 2 = ", p2
print "HighNibble = ", hex(convert2PinToHighNibble(p1, p2))
def MoveTwoMotors(RegisterBaseAddress):
OneBeep()
WriteMotorWindingWaveSequence1324(Mcp23008BaseAddress1, LowNibble, TwentyTimes, FiftyMilliSeconds)
OneBeep()
WriteMotorWindingWaveSequence1324(Mcp23008BaseAddress1, HighNibble, TwentyTimes, FiftyMilliSeconds)
OneBeep()
WriteMotorWindingFullStepSequence13232414(Mcp23008BaseAddress1, LowNibble, TwentyTimes, OneHundredMilliSeconds)
OneBeep()
WriteMotorWindingFullStepSequence13232414(Mcp23008BaseAddress1, HighNibble, TwentyTimes, OneHundredMilliSeconds)
def TestMotor():
MotorRegisterBaseAddress = Mcp23008BaseAddress1
MoveTwoMotors(MotorRegisterBaseAddress)
def MoveUnipolarSteppingMotor(registerBaseAddress, NibbleType, StepCount, StepTime):
SetupPortAoutputPortBinputPullUpMcp23017(registerBaseAddress)
if NibbleType == LowNibble:
hexString1 = convert2PinToHex(1, 3)
hexString2 = convert2PinToHex(2, 4)
else:
hexString1 = convert2PinToHighNibble(1, 3)
hexString2 = convert2PinToHighNibble(2, 4)
for i in range(StepCount):
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, hexString1)
time.sleep(StepTime)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, hexString2)
time.sleep(StepTime)
def TestMoveMotor():
registerBaseAddress = Mcp23017BaseAddressSystemB1
nibbleType = LowNibble
stepCount = OneHundredTimes
stepTime = OneHundredMilliSeconds
MoveUnipolarSteppingMotor(registerBaseAddress, nibbleType, 500, 0.05)
# * Demultiplexer *************************************************************
DemuxRegisterBaseAddress = 0x20
def DemuxGpioSetup(registerBaseAddress):
UpperNibbleInputLowerNibbleOutput = 0xf0 # Input (GP4~7, Row0~3), Output (GP0~3, Column0~2, 3 reserved)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, InputOutputDirection, PortA, UpperNibbleInputLowerNibbleOutput)
InitialControlDateByte = 0x00
return InitialControlDateByte
def DemuxAddressLatch(controlDataByte, latchAction):
DemuxAddressLatchMask = 0b00001000
Enable = 1
Disable = 0
if (latchAction == Enable):
controlDataByte = controlDataByte | DemuxAddressLatchMask
elif (latchAction == Disable):
controlDataByte = controlDataByte & ~(DemuxAddressLatchMask)
return controlDataByte
def SetDemuxChannel(registerBaseAddress, controlDataByte, addressNibble):
Enable = 1
Disable = 0
controlDataByte = controlDataByte & 0b11110000
addressNibble = addressNibble & 0b00000111
controlDataByte = controlDataByte | addressNibble
controlDataByte = DemuxAddressLatch(controlDataByte, Disable)
PrintEightBitPattern("demuxDataByte = ", controlDataByte)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, controlDataByte)
controlDataByte = DemuxAddressLatch(controlDataByte, Enable)
PrintEightBitPattern("demuxDataByte = ", controlDataByte)
WriteDataByte(registerBaseAddress, RegisterAddressOffsetArrayBank0, OutputLatch, PortA, controlDataByte)
return controlDataByte
def TestDemux(demuxRegisterBaseAddress, channelNumber):
controlDataByte = DemuxGpioSetup(demuxRegisterBaseAddress)
controlDataByte = SetDemuxChannel(demuxRegisterBaseAddress, controlDataByte, channelNumber)
def TestDemuxLcd(demuxRegisterBaseAddress, lcdRegisterBaseAddress, channelNumber1, channelNumber2):
Row1 = 1
Row2 = 2
Row3 = 3
Row4 = 4
Column1 = 1
# Setup one Mcp23008 for Demultiplexor, another Mcp23008 for LCD1602/LCD2004
controlDataByte = DemuxGpioSetup(demuxRegisterBaseAddress)
LcdGpioSetup(lcdRegisterBaseAddress)
# Select demux channelNumber1
controlDataByte = SetDemuxChannel(demuxRegisterBaseAddress, controlDataByte, channelNumber1)
# Display two lines in the LCD at this channel
dataControlByte = LcdConfiguration(lcdRegisterBaseAddress)
dataControlByte = LcdMoveCursor(lcdRegisterBaseAddress, dataControlByte, Row1, Column1)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteCharString(lcdRegisterBaseAddress, dataControlByte, "Channel 1 01")
dataControlByte = LcdMoveCursor(lcdRegisterBaseAddress, dataControlByte, Row2, Column1)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteCharString(lcdRegisterBaseAddress, dataControlByte, "2013-01-28 v201")
time.sleep(2)
# Select demux channelNumber2
controlDataByte = SetDemuxChannel(demuxRegisterBaseAddress, controlDataByte, channelNumber2)
# Display two lines in the LCD at this channel
dataControlByte = LcdConfiguration(lcdRegisterBaseAddress)
dataControlByte = LcdMoveCursor(lcdRegisterBaseAddress, dataControlByte, Row1, Column1)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteCharString(lcdRegisterBaseAddress, dataControlByte, "Channel 2 01")
dataControlByte = LcdMoveCursor(lcdRegisterBaseAddress, dataControlByte, Row2, Column1)
dataControlByte = LcdWriteCharString(lcdRegisterBaseAddress, dataControlByte, "2013-01-30 v204")
time.sleep(2)
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# * SPI using bit banging *
# SpiClockPin = RPiGpioGen11
# SpiMosiPin = RPiGpioGen10
# SpiMisoPin = RPiGpioGen9
# SpiSelect0Pin = RPiGpioGen8
# SpiSelect1Pin = RPiGpioGen7
def TestRfm12b(registerBaseAddress):
SetupGPIOpins(OutputPinList, InputPinWithNoPullUpList, InputPinWithPullUpList )
def SpiSelectDevice(deviceNumber):
if (deviceNumber == 0):
writeOutputPin(SpiSelect0Pin, Low)
else:
writeOutputPin(SpiSelect1Pin, Low)
def SpiDisSelectDevice(deviceNumber):
if (deviceNumber == 0):
writeOutputPin(SpiSelect0Pin, High)
else:
writeOutputPin(SpiSelect1Pin, High)
def SpiClockPulse():
writeOutputPin(SpiClockPin, High)
time.sleep(1)
writeOutputPin(SpiClockPin, Low)
time.sleep(1)
def SpiWriteBit(dataBit):
if (dataBit == 1):
writeOutputPin(SpiMosiPin, High)
else:
writeOutputPin(SpiMosiPin, Low)
def SpiReadBit(inputPin):
dataBit = readInputPin(inputPin)
# print dataBit
return dataBit
# * Test Spi functions *
def TestSpiSelectDevice(deviceNumber, count):
print "Now testing SPI device select pin", deviceNumber, ",..."
for i in range (count):
SpiSelectDevice(deviceNumber)
time.sleep(1)
SpiDisSelectDevice(deviceNumber)
time.sleep(1)
def TestSpiClockPulse(count):
for i in range (count):
SpiClockPulse()
def TestSpiWriteBit(count):
for i in range (count):
SpiWriteBit(1)
time.sleep(1)
SpiWriteBit(0)
time.sleep(1)
def TestSpiReadBit(inputPin, count):
for i in range (count):
dataBit = SpiReadBit(inputPin)
if (dataBit == True):
dataLevel = "High"
else:
dataLevel = "Low"
print "dataBitRead at pin number ", inputPin, " = ", dataLevel
time.sleep(1)
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# * SPI using wiringPi with Python wrapping 2013feb22 *
def TestWiringPiSpi():
print "\n" + "*** Start testing wiringPi SPI, ... ***" + "\n"
spi = spidev.SpiDev() # create spidev object
spi.open(0,0) # open SPI0, CE0_N
SendByteList = [0x55, 0xaa, 0xAA]
ReadByteList = spi.xfer2(SendByteList)
print "Bytes read = " + hex(ReadByteList[0]) + " " + hex(ReadByteList[1]) + " " + hex(ReadByteList[2])
print "\n" + "*** Stop testing wiringPi SPI, ... ***" + "\n"
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
# * RFM12b 434Mhz Wireless Transceiver testing v1.0 tlfong01 2013feb23 *
# * Arduino C++ functions *
# define wkupOn 0x820E // turn on wake up timer (also xtl, lvd)
# define wkupOff 0x820C // turn off wake up timer (xtl, lvd still on)
# define wkup2ms 0XE002 // wake up every 2mS
# define config01 0x80D7
# define power01 0x8239
# define freq01 0xA640
# define drate01 0xC647
# define rxctrl01 0x94A0
# define fifors01 0xCA81
# define syncpt01 0xCED4
# define afc01 0xC483
# define txctrl01 0x9850
# define pll01 0xCC77
# define wkup01 0xE000
# define ldc01 0xC800
# define lbdclk01 0xC400
# define lvdOn 0x820C // turn on low voltage detection (also xtal, mcu clk)
# define lvd27 0xC064 // set low voltage threshold 2.7V (2.2 + 0.1 * 4) 2MHz,
# define status 0x0000 // read status to execute command and clear interrupt
#void RFM12B01::setupRfm12b()
# {
# putWord(0x80D7); //enable tx, rx fifo, 433MHz, 12.0pF
# // putWord(0x8239); //enable xmitt, syn, xtal, disable clk
# putWord(0xA640); //operation frequency ???
# putWord(0xC647); //data rate 4.8kbps
# putWord(0x94A0); //VDI,FAST,134kHz,0dBm,-103dBm
# putWord(0xC2AC); //clk rec auto, digi fltr,DQD4
# putWord(0xCA81); //fifo8,sync 1, sync, no fifo fill
# putWord(0xCED4); //sync pattern d4
# putWord(0xC483); //offset VDI hi, no restrict, afc, afc out
# putWord(0x9850); //90kHz, max o/p pwr (odBm)
# putWord(0xCC17); //10MHz, 620uA, disable pll dit, 256kbps
# putWord(0xE000); //wake up timer not used
# putWord(0xC800); //low duty cycle not used
# putWord(0xC040); //1.66MHz,2.2V low battery
# }
#void RFM12B01::testSetupClock2Mhz()
# {
# putWord(0xC064);
# }
def PrintDoubleSpaceLine(line):
print "\n" + line + "\n"
def WaitSeconds(count):
time.sleep(count)
# * Rfm12b 2 byte commands *
SetExternalMpuClockFrequency1Mhz = [0xc0, 0x04] # 1 MHz, 2.7V (2.2 + 0.1 * 4)
SetExternalMpuClockFrequency2Mhz = [0xc0, 0x64] # 2 MHz, 2.7V (2.2 + 0.1 * 4)
SetExternalMpuClockFrequency5Mhz = [0xc0, 0xc4] # 5 MHz, 2.7V (2.2 + 0.1 * 4)
SetExternalMpuClockFrequency10Mhz = [0xc0, 0xe4] # 10 MHz, 2.7V (2.2 + 0.1 * 4)
EnableWakeupTimerEnableXtlLvd = [0x82, 0x0e]
DisableWakeupTimerEnableXtlLvd = [0x82, 0x0c]
SetWakeUpTimer2Ms = [0xe0, 0x02]
ClearInterrupt = [0x00, 0x00]
def TestRfm12bSet2Mhz():
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Start testing RFM12B 2 MHz ***")
rfm12bSpi = spidev.SpiDev() # create spi object to entertain RFM12B
rfm12bSpi.open(0,0) # open sci channel 0 and select slave device 0
ExternalMpuClockFrequency2Mhz = [0xC0, 0x64]
receiveByteList = rfm12bSpi.xfer2(ExternalMpuClockFrequency2Mhz)
print "Bytes read = " + hex(receiveByteList[0]) + " " + hex(receiveByteList[1])
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Stop testing RFM12B ***")
def TestRfm12bSet1Mhz():
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Start testing RFM12B 1 MHz ***")
rfm12bSpi = spidev.SpiDev() # create spi object to entertain RFM12B
rfm12bSpi.open(0,0) # open sci channel 0 and select slave device 0
ExternalMpuClockFrequency2Mhz = [0xc0, 0x04]
receiveByteList = rfm12bSpi.xfer2(ExternalMpuClockFrequency2Mhz)
print "Bytes read = " + hex(receiveByteList[0]) + " " + hex(receiveByteList[1])
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Stop testing RFM12B ***")
def OpenSpiChannel(spiObject, spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber):
spiObject.open(spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber)
def Rfm12bSendCommand1(spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber, sendByteList):
rfm12bSpi = spidev.SpiDev()
rfm12bSpi.open(spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber)
receiveByteList = rfm12bSpi.xfer2(sendByteList)
def Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, sendByteList):
receiveByteList = rfm12bSpi.xfer2(sendByteList)
def Rfm12bTest1(spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber):
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Start Test 1 ***")
rfm12bSpi = spidev.SpiDev() # create spi object to entertain RFM12B
rfm12bSpi.open(0,0) # open sci channel 0 and select slave device 0
Rfm12bSendCommand1(spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency2Mhz)
WaitSeconds(2)
Rfm12bSendCommand1(spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency5Mhz)
WaitSeconds(2)
Rfm12bSendCommand1(spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency10Mhz)
WaitSeconds(2)
Rfm12bSendCommand1(spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency1Mhz)
WaitSeconds(2)
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Stop Test 1 ***")
def Rfm12bTest2(spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber):
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Start Test 2 ***")
rfm12bSpi = spidev.SpiDev()
OpenSpiChannel(rfm12bSpi, spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency2Mhz)
WaitSeconds(2)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency5Mhz)
WaitSeconds(2)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency10Mhz)
WaitSeconds(2)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency1Mhz)
WaitSeconds(2)
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Stop Test 2 ***")
def Rfm12bTest3a(spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber):
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Start Test 3a ***")
rfm12bSpi = spidev.SpiDev()
OpenSpiChannel(rfm12bSpi, spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency2Mhz)
WaitSeconds(2)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency5Mhz)
WaitSeconds(2)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency1Mhz)
WaitSeconds(2)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, TurnOnWakeupXtlLvd)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, WakeUpEvery2Ms)
# WaitSeconds(2)
# Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, TurnOffWakeupTurnOnXtlLvd)
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Stop Test 3a ***")
def Rfm12bTest3b(spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber):
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Start Test 3b 2013feb2601 ***")
rfm12bSpi = spidev.SpiDev()
OpenSpiChannel(rfm12bSpi, spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency2Mhz)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, TurnOnWakeupXtlLvd)
for i in range (100000):
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, WakeUpEvery2Ms)
time.sleep(0.005)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, ClearInterrupt)
time.sleep(0.010)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi, TurnOffWakeupTurnOnXtlLvd)
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Stop Test 3b ***")
def Rfm12bTest3c(spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber0, spiDeviceNumber1):
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Start Test 3c 2013feb2602 ***")
rfm12bSpi00 = spidev.SpiDev()
OpenSpiChannel(rfm12bSpi00, spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber0)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi00, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency5Mhz)
rfm12bSpi01 = spidev.SpiDev()
OpenSpiChannel(rfm12bSpi01, spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber1)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi01, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency10Mhz)
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Stop Test 3c ***")
def Rfm12bTest3d(spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber0, spiDeviceNumber1):
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Start Test 3d 2013feb2603 ***")
rfm12bSpi00 = spidev.SpiDev()
OpenSpiChannel(rfm12bSpi00, spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber0)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi00, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency2Mhz)
rfm12bSpi01 = spidev.SpiDev()
OpenSpiChannel(rfm12bSpi01, spiChannelNumber, spiDeviceNumber1)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi01, SetExternalMpuClockFrequency5Mhz)
for i in range(4):
Beep(1)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi00, DisableWakeupTimerEnableXtlLvd)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi00, ClearInterrupt)
time.sleep(2)
Beep(2)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi00, EnableWakeupTimerEnableXtlLvd)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi00, SetWakeUpTimer2Ms)
time.sleep(2)
Beep(3)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi01, DisableWakeupTimerEnableXtlLvd)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi01, ClearInterrupt)
time.sleep(2)
Beep(4)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi01, EnableWakeupTimerEnableXtlLvd)
Rfm12bSendCommand2(rfm12bSpi01, SetWakeUpTimer2Ms)
time.sleep(2)
PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Stop Test 3d ***")
# 12. Old test functions *****************************************************
# * Old tests *
# RPi System A Tests *
# TestBuzzer() # beep buzzer 4 times
# TestLED() # blink LED 4 tmes
# TestButtonEchoBuzzer() # echo buton with buzzer 4 times
# TestButtonEchoLED() # echo button with LED 4 times
# TestToggleMcp23017GP() # toggle Mcp23017 #1 output ports (connected to only 1 LED)
# TestToggleMcp23008GP() # toggle Mcp23008 #1 output port (connected to stepping motors)
# TestMotor() # move two stepping motors
# TestPollingKeypad() # read 4 keys by polling IO Expander GPIO port of rows (Mcp23008 #2)
# TestInterruptKeypad() # read 4 keys by polling IO Expander INT pin # !!! not tested !!!
# TestLcd(LcdRegisterBaseAddress)
# TestDemux(DemuxRegisterBaseAddress, 4)
# TestDemuxLcd(DemuxRegisterBaseAddress, LcdRegisterBaseAddress, channelNumber1 = 0, channelNumber2 = 1)
# RPi System B Tests *
# TestBuzzer() # beep buzzer 4 times
# TestLED() # blink LED 4 tmes
# TestButtonEchoBuzzer() # echo buton with buzzer 4 times
# TestButtonEchoLED() # echo button with LED 4 times
# TestToggleMcp23017SystemB1() # toggle Mcp23017 System B1
# TestReadMcp23017SystemB1()
# * Rpi Mcp23017 tests *
# TestButtonEchoBuzzer()
# TestTxdPin()
# TestRxdPin() # if set as output
# TestTxdPin()
# TestTxdPinRxdPin1()
# TestTxdPinRxdPin2()
# TestButtonEchoTxD()
# TestButtonEchoRxD()
# TestRxdEchoTxD() !!! not working !!!
# TestToggleMcp23017SystemB1(count = 4)
# TestReadMcp23017SystemB1(count = 4)
# TestKeypad017(checkPressingKeyMode = NoPollJustGetKeyEverySecond, keyCount = 4)
# TestKeypad017(checkPressingKeyMode = PollMcp23017Interrupt, keyCount = 4)
# TestKeypad017(checkPressingKeyMode = PollRowStatusNibble, keyCount = 4)
#TestLED() # blink LED 4 tmes
#TestBuzzer() # beep buzzer 4 times
#TestButtonEchoBuzzer() # echo buton with buzzer 4 times
#TestButtonEchoLED() # echo button with LED 4 times
#TestToggleMcp23017SystemB1(count = 4)
#TestBlinkMcp23017SystemB1GPIObit(bitNumber = 3, onTime = 0.1, offTime = 0.3, count = 4)
#TestReadMcp23017SystemB1GPIObit(bitNumber = 4, count = 10)
#TestKeypad017(checkPressingKeyMode = PollRowStatusNibble, keyCount = 20)
#TestKeypad017(checkPressingKeyMode = PollMcp23017Interrupt, keyCount = 20)
#TestKeypad017(checkPressingKeyMode = PollRowStatusNibble, keyCount = 4)
#TestToggleMcp23017SystemB1(count = 4)
#TestBlinkMcp23017SystemB1GPIObit(bitNumber = 3, onTime = 0.1, offTime = 0.3, count = 4)
#TestMoveMotor()
#TestLcd(Mcp23017BaseAddressSystemB1)
#ToggleGpMcp23008(registerBaseAddress = 0x21, toggleTime = 0.25, toggleCount = 4)
#ReadGpMcp23008(registerBaseAddress = 0x22, count = 100)
#TestKeypadMcp23017(registerBaseAddress = 0x20, checkPressingKeyMode = NoPollJustGetKeyEverySecond, keyCount = 4)
#TestKeypadMcp23017(registerBaseAddress = 0x20, checkPressingKeyMode = PollRowStatusNibble, keyCount = 4)
#TestKeypadMcp23017(registerBaseAddress = 0x20, checkPressingKeyMode = PollMcp23017Interrupt, keyCount = 4)
#TestKeypadMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1 = 0x21, registerBaseAddress2 = 0x22, checkPressingKeyMode = NoPollJustGetKeyEverySecond, keyCount = 4)
#TestKeypadMcp23008(registerBaseAddress1 = 0x21, registerBaseAddress2 = 0x22, checkPressingKeyMode = PollRowStatusNibble, keyCount = 4)
#TestSpiSelectDevice(deviceNumber = 0, count = 4)
#TestSpiSelectDevice(deviceNumber = 1, count = 4)
#TestSpiClockPulse(count = 10)
#TestSpiWriteBit(count = 100)
#TestSpiClockPulse(count = 10)
#TestSpiWriteBit(count = 10)
#TestSpiSelectDevice(deviceNumber = 0, count = 10)
#TestSpiSelectDevice(deviceNumber = 1, count = 4)
#TestSpiReadBit(ButtonPin, count = 10) *** OK ***
#TestSpiReadBit(SpiMisoPin, count = 10) !!! Not working !!!
#TestSpiReadBit(RxdPin, count = 10) !!! Not working !!!
#TestSpiReadBit(ButtonPin, count = 4) # *** OK ***
#TestSpiReadBit(SpiMisoPin, count = 4) # !!! Not working !!!
#TestSpiReadBit(RxdPin, count = 4) # !!! Not working !!
#PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Start Test x ***")
#TestRfm12bSet2Mhz()
#WaitSeconds(2)
#TestRfm12bSet1Mhz()
#WaitSeconds(2)
#PrintDoubleSpaceLine("*** Stop Test x ***")
#Rfm12bTest2(spiChannelNumber = 0, spiDeviceNumber = 0)
# Rfm12bTest3b(spiChannelNumber = 0, spiDeviceNumber = 0)
# Rfm12bTest3d(spiChannelNumber = 0, spiDeviceNumber0 = 0, spiDeviceNumber1 = 1)
#TestLcdMcp23017(registerBaseAddress = 0x20)
#TestLcdMcp23008(registerBaseAddress = 0x21)
# 13. Main program ************************************************************
StartProgram()
# Following RPi GPIO tested OK on System B - tlfong01 2013mar01
# TestBuzzer() # beep system buzzer 4 times
# TestLED() # blink system LED 4 tmes
# TestButtonEchoBuzzer() # echo system buton with system buzzer 4 times
# TestButtonEchoLED() # echo system button with system LED 4 times
# TestGpioPin(oPin = TxdPin, toggleTime = 0.5, toggleCount = 4)
# TestToggleMcp23017PortAoutput(registerBaseAddress = 0x21, toggleTime = 0.5, toggleCount = 100)
StopProgram()
# *****************************************************************************
# End of Program
# *****************************************************************************
.END
Raspberry Pi pair setup notes
Now I have mounted the second RPi in chassis, on top of the first one, both on the 19"rack mount.
For the second RPi, I have made a long signal routing/extension cable with the following signal groups.
1. I2C (Gnd SCL1, SDA1, GPIO Gen6)
2. UART (TxD, RxD)
.END
Pair system development notes
Now I have set up RPi System B, pairing with System A.
Pair programming - Wikipedia
Pair programming is an agile software development technique in which two programmers work together at one workstation. One, the driver (or Holmes), writes code while the other, the observer (Watson or navigator[1]), reviews each line of code as it is typed in. The two programmers switch roles frequently.
While reviewing, the observer also considers the strategic direction of the work, coming up with ideas for improvements and likely future problems to address. This frees the driver to focus all of his/her attention on the "tactical" aspects of completing the current task, using the observer as a safety net and guide.
Benefits
Some studies have found that programmers working in pairs produce shorter programs, with better designs and fewer bugs, than programmers working alone.[2] Studies have found reduction in defect rates of 15% to 50%, varying depending on programmer experience and task complexity.[3][4] Pairs typically consider more design alternatives than programmers working solo, and arrive at simpler, more-maintainable designs; they also catch design defects early.[5] Pairs usually complete work faster than one programmer assigned to the same task. Pairs often find that seemingly "impossible" problems become easy or even quick, or at least possible to solve when they work together.[2][6]
Knowledge passes between pair programmers as they work. They share knowledge of the specifics of the system, and they pick up programming techniques from each other.[2][7] New hires quickly pick up the practices of the team and learn the specifics of the system.[8] With "promiscuous pairing" – each programmer cycling through all the other programmers on the team rather than pairing only with one partner – knowledge of the system spreads throughout the whole team, reducing risk to management if one programmer leaves the team.[2]
Benefits
Some studies have found that programmers working in pairs produce shorter programs, with better designs and fewer bugs, than programmers working alone.[2] Studies have found reduction in defect rates of 15% to 50%, varying depending on programmer experience and task complexity.[3][4] Pairs typically consider more design alternatives than programmers working solo, and arrive at simpler, more-maintainable designs; they also catch design defects early.[5] Pairs usually complete work faster than one programmer assigned to the same task. Pairs often find that seemingly "impossible" problems become easy or even quick, or at least possible to solve when they work together.[2][6]
Knowledge passes between pair programmers as they work. They share knowledge of the specifics of the system, and they pick up programming techniques from each other.[2][7] New hires quickly pick up the practices of the team and learn the specifics of the system.[8] With "promiscuous pairing" – each programmer cycling through all the other programmers on the team rather than pairing only with one partner – knowledge of the system spreads throughout the whole team, reducing risk to management if one programmer leaves the team.[2]
Pairing usually brings improved discipline and time management. Programmers are less likely to skip writing unit tests, spend time web-surfing or on personal email,[9] or cut corners when they are working with a pair partner. The pair partner "keeps them honest".[10][11] People are more reluctant to interrupt a pair than they are to interrupt someone working alone.[12]
Additional benefits reported include increased morale[13] and greater confidence in the correctness of the code.[2]
Studies
There are both empirical and meta-analyses studies of Pair Programming. The empirical studies tend to examine the level of productivity and the quality of the code, while meta-analyses may focus on biases introduced by the process of testing and publishing.
Empirical studies
Williams: Error reduction with increased effort
The Economist noted,
Laurie Williams of the University of Utah in Salt Lake City has shown that paired programmers are only 15% slower than two independent individual programmers, but produce 15% fewer bugs. Since testing and debugging are often many times more costly than initial programming, this is an impressive result."[4]
Laurie Williams of the University of Utah in Salt Lake City has shown that paired programmers are only 15% slower than two independent individual programmers, but produce 15% fewer bugs. Since testing and debugging are often many times more costly than initial programming, this is an impressive result."[4]
(Note: The original study showed that "error-free" code went from 70% to 85%. It may be more correct to view this as cutting the errors in half, since the errors decreased from 30% to 15%.)
The Williams study showed an improvement in correctness of around 15% and a 20%–40% decrease in time; however the study also noted a 15%-60% increase in effort (as measured by total programmer-hours). Williams also cites an earlier study (Nosek 1998) which also had a 40% decrease in time for a 60% increase in effort.
Lui: comparing pairs to solos
A study (Lui 2006) compared novice pairs to novices working solo, as well as expert pairs to experts working solo. Lui found that novice–novice pairs experienced greater productivity gains against novice solos when compared to expert–expert pairs against expert solos.[14]
[edit]Lui, Chan, and Nosek: design tasks
Lui, Chan, and Nosek (2008) shows that pair programming outperforms for design tasks.[15]
Meta-analyses
A full-scale meta-analysis of pair programming experimental studies, from before or during 2007, (Hannay et al. 2009) confirms "that you cannot expect faster and better and cheaper." Higher quality for complex tasks costs higher effort, while reduced duration for simpler tasks comes suffers from lower quality – the meta-analysis "suggests that pair programming is not uniformly beneficial or effective".[16]
However, a 2007 meta-analysis concluded that "pair programming is not uniformly beneficial or effective" because many other factors besides the choice of whether to use pair programming have large effects on the outcome of a programming task.[16] The meta-study found that pair programming tends to reduce development time somewhat and produces marginal positive effects on code quality, but that pair programming requires significantly more developer effort; that is, it is significantly more expensive than solo programming. The authors suggest that studies of pair programming suffer from publication bias whereby studies that would not show that pair programming is beneficial were either not undertaken, not submitted for publication, or not accepted for publication. They conclude that "you cannot expect faster and better and cheaper."
This study suggests that even though coding is often completed faster than when one programmer works alone, the total amount of man-hours (number of programmers × time spent) increases. A manager needs to balance faster completion of the work and reduced testing and debugging time against the higher cost of coding. The relative weight of these factors can vary from project to project and task to task. The benefit of pairing is greatest on tasks that the programmers do not fully understand before they begin: that is, challenging tasks that call for creativity and sophistication.[14] On simple tasks, which the pair already fully understands, pairing results in a net drop in productivity.[14][17] Productivity can also drop when novice-novice pairing is used without sufficient availability of a mentor to coach them.[18]
Non-Performing Indications
There are a few indicators that a pair is not performing well:
Disengagement – One of the members physically moves their chair away from the keyboard, or starts working on their email, etc. Sometimes this can be as extreme as one member falling asleep.
Watch the Master – Sometimes one member will be more experienced than the other. There is a temptation to defer to the more senior member, and the less senior will be relegated to observer status. This will often lead to disengagement.
Silence – Pairs cannot work together if they are not talking to each other.[19]
Variants
Remote pair programming
Remote pair programming, also known as virtual pair programming or distributed pair programming, is pair programming where the two programmers are in different locations,[20] working via a collaborative real-time editor, shared desktop, or a remote pair programming IDE plugin. Remote pairing introduces difficulties not present in face-to-face pairing, such as extra delays for coordination, depending more on "heavyweight" task-tracking tools instead of "lightweight" ones like index cards, and loss of non-verbal communication resulting in confusion and conflicts over such things as who "has the keyboard".[21]
Tool support is provided either:
Whole-screen sharing software, such as VNC/RealVNC[22][23][24] or Skype
Terminal multiplexors, such as tmux a or screen -x
Specialized distributed editor tools (such as Gobby, Saros, XPairtise or Visual Studio Anywhere).
...
.END



